Grammar 02

Countable & Uncountable Noun

Panduan lengkap perbedaan countable dan uncountable noun beserta aturan penggunaannya.

Countable & Uncountable Noun

Noun dalam bahasa Inggris dibagi menjadi dua kategori utama: Countable (bisa dihitung) dan Uncountable (tidak bisa dihitung). Perbedaan ini mempengaruhi penggunaan artikel, kata keterangan jumlah, dan bentuk jamak.

Countable Noun

Countable noun adalah kata benda yang bisa dihitung dan memiliki bentuk singular (tunggal) dan plural (jamak).

Ciri-Ciri

  • Bisa digunakan dengan a/an
  • Bisa diikuti angka langsung (one, two, three, ...)
  • Memiliki bentuk jamak (tambah -s/-es)
  • Bisa ditanya dengan how many?

Contoh

Singular Plural Contoh Kalimat
cat cats I have two cats.
book books She reads three books a month.
idea ideas He has many ideas.
child children There are five children in the park.
egg eggs I need a dozen eggs.

Uncountable Noun

Uncountable noun adalah kata benda yang tidak bisa dihitung dan tidak memiliki bentuk jamak.

Ciri-Ciri

  • Tidak bisa digunakan dengan a/an atau angka langsung
  • Tidak ditambah -s di akhir
  • Selalu dianggap singular
  • Bisa ditanya dengan how much?

Contoh

Noun Contoh Kalimat
water I need some water.
rice We eat rice every day.
information She gave me useful information.
advice He gave me good advice.
furniture The room has new furniture.
luggage My luggage is heavy.
money I don't have enough money.
music I love listening to music.
knowledge Knowledge is power.

Perbedaan Countable vs Uncountable

Aspek Countable Uncountable
Bentuk jamak ✅ Ada ❌ Tidak ada
Pakai a/an ✅ Bisa ❌ Tidak bisa
Pakai angka ✅ Bisa ❌ Tidak bisa
Ditanya dengan How many? How much?
Kata jumlah many, few, several much, little, a little
Contoh cat, book, idea water, rice, advice

Kata Jumlah yang Digunakan

Untuk Countable (How many?)

Kata Arti Contoh
many banyak Many students came.
few sedikit I have few friends here.
a few beberapa There are a few chairs left.
several beberapa Several people agreed.
a number of sejumlah A number of issues were raised.
numerous sangat banyak Numerous attempts were made.

Untuk Uncountable (How much?)

Kata Arti Contoh
much banyak I don't have much time.
little sedikit There is little hope.
a little sedikit (positif) I have a little money.
a great deal of sangat banyak She has a great deal of experience.
a large amount of sejumlah besar He spent a large amount of money.

Kata yang Bisa Keduanya (Countable & Uncountable)

Beberapa noun bisa digunakan sebagai countable atau uncountable dengan makna yang berbeda.

Noun Countable Uncountable
coffee two coffees (dua cangkir kopi) some coffee (secangkir kopi)
chicken three chickens (tiga ayam hidup) some chicken (daging ayam)
light turn on the lights (lampu-lampu) light is important (cahaya)
room two rooms (dua ruangan) There's no room (ruang/kosong)
paper two papers (dua surat kabar) a piece of paper (selembar kertas)
experience three experiences (pengalaman-pengalaman) some experience (pengalaman)

Contoh:

  • I'd like two coffees, please. (Saya mau dua kopi)
  • This coffee tastes great. (Kopi ini enak)
  • She has three chickens in her backyard. (Dia punya tiga ayam)
  • Would you like some chicken? (Mau ayam?)

Mengubah Uncountable menjadi Countable

Kita bisa menggunakan "a piece of" atau kata pengukur lain untuk menghitung uncountable noun.

Uncountable Countable Form
advice a piece of advice
information a piece of information
furniture a piece of furniture
luggage a piece of luggage
bread a slice of bread
water a glass / bottle of water
paper a sheet / piece of paper
news a piece of news

Contoh:

  • She gave me a piece of advice. (Dia memberi saya satu saran)
  • I need two pieces of luggage. (Saya butuh dua koper)
  • Can I have a glass of water? (Boleh saya minta segelas air?)

Latihan Cepat

Pilih many atau much:

  1. There aren't ___ (many / much) students in the class.
  2. How ___ (many / much) water do you drink a day?
  3. I don't have ___ (many / much) free time.
  4. She has ___ (many / much) friends at school.
  5. How ___ (many / much) books have you read?

Pilih bentuk yang benar (countable/uncountable):

  1. She gave me some ___ (advices / advice).
  2. There are three ___ (box / boxes) on the table.
  3. I need to buy new ___ (furnitures / furniture).
  4. He has many ___ (idea / ideas) for the project.
  5. We don't have enough ___ (chair / chairs) for everyone.
  1. many
  2. much
  3. much
  4. many
  5. many
  6. advice
  7. boxes
  8. furniture
  9. ideas
  10. chairs

Tabel Ringkasan

Tipe Ditanya dengan Kata Jumlah Contoh
Countable How many? many, few, a few cat, book, idea
Uncountable How much? much, little, a little water, rice, advice

Memahami perbedaan countable dan uncountable noun akan menghindarkanmu dari kesalahan umum dalam bahasa Inggris. Perhatikan konteks penggunaannya!