Verbs & Modals

Have & Has

Perbedaan penggunaan have dan has untuk menyatakan kepemilikan beserta contoh kalimat positif, negatif, dan tanya.

Have and Has

Have dan has sama-sama berarti “mempunyai” atau “memiliki”.

Perbedaannya ditentukan oleh subject (subjek):

Subject Bentuk
I have
You have
We have
They have
He has
She has
It has
Nama orang tunggal, misalnya Rina has
Dua orang atau lebih, misalnya Rina and Dika have

Penting: Dalam kalimat negatif dan kalimat tanya dengan do/does, gunakan have, bukan has.

1. HAVE

Have digunakan dengan:

  • I
  • You
  • We
  • They
  • dua orang atau lebih
  • kata benda jamak (plural)

Kalimat positif

Rumus:

Subject + have + object

Contoh:

  • I have a new phone. Saya punya ponsel baru.

  • You have a nice bag. Kamu punya tas yang bagus.

  • We have two cats. Kami punya dua kucing.

  • They have a small apartment. Mereka punya apartemen kecil.

  • Dina and Rafi have a new teacher. Dina dan Rafi punya guru baru.

  • The students have English books. Para siswa punya buku bahasa Inggris.

Kalimat negatif

Untuk menyatakan “tidak mempunyai”, gunakan do not (don't) sebelum have.

Rumus:

Subject + do not / don't + have + object

Contoh:

  • I don't have a car. Saya tidak punya mobil.

  • You don't have enough time. Kamu tidak punya cukup waktu.

  • We don't have any coffee. Kami tidak punya kopi.

  • They don't have a computer. Mereka tidak punya komputer.

  • Dina and Rafi don't have a dog. Dina dan Rafi tidak punya anjing.

Catatan: Dalam percakapan sehari-hari, don't lebih umum digunakan daripada do not.

Kalimat tanya

Untuk membuat pertanyaan, gunakan Do di awal kalimat.

Rumus:

Do + subject + have + object?

Contoh:

  • Do you have a pen? Apakah kamu punya pulpen?

    Yes, I do. / No, I don't. Ya. / Tidak.

  • Do they have a car? Apakah mereka punya mobil?

    Yes, they do. / No, they don't. Ya. / Tidak.

  • Do your parents have a house? Apakah orang tuamu punya rumah?

    Yes, they do. / No, they don't. Ya. / Tidak.

Pertanyaan dengan what

What do + subject + have? digunakan untuk menanyakan apa yang dimiliki seseorang.

Contoh:

  • What do you have in your bag? Apa yang kamu punya di dalam tasmu?

    I have a notebook and a bottle of water. Saya punya buku catatan dan sebotol air.

  • What do they have for breakfast? Mereka sarapan apa?

    They have bread and eggs. Mereka makan roti dan telur.

2. HAS

Has digunakan dengan:

  • He
  • She
  • It
  • nama satu orang
  • kata benda tunggal (singular)

Kalimat positif

Rumus:

Subject + has + object

Contoh:

  • She has a new laptop. Dia punya laptop baru.

  • He has a blue bicycle. Dia punya sepeda biru.

  • It has four legs. Benda/hewan itu memiliki empat kaki.

  • Rina has a small garden. Rina punya kebun kecil.

  • My brother has a new job. Kakak/adik laki-laki saya punya pekerjaan baru.

  • The dog has a long tail. Anjing itu memiliki ekor yang panjang.

Jangan gunakan has dengan I, you, we, atau they

❌ I has a car. ✅ I have a car. Saya punya mobil.

❌ They has a house. ✅ They have a house. Mereka punya rumah.

❌ We has two dogs. ✅ We have two dogs. Kami punya dua anjing.

3. HAS dalam Kalimat Negatif

Ketika menggunakan does not (doesn't), kata has berubah menjadi have.

Rumus:

Subject + does not / doesn't + have + object

Perhatikan:

  • She has a laptop. Dia punya laptop.

  • She doesn't have a laptop. Dia tidak punya laptop.

Bukan:

❌ She doesn't has a laptop.

Contoh lainnya:

  • He doesn't have a car. Dia tidak punya mobil.

  • Rina doesn't have a bicycle. Rina tidak punya sepeda.

  • The dog doesn't have a collar. Anjing itu tidak memakai/memiliki kalung.

Catatan penting: Bukan berarti has hanya digunakan dalam kalimat positif. Has digunakan dalam kalimat positif ketika subject-nya he, she, it, atau kata benda tunggal. Setelah does/doesn't, gunakan have.

4. HAS dalam Kalimat Tanya

Untuk membuat pertanyaan dengan he, she, it, atau kata benda tunggal, gunakan Does di awal kalimat.

Rumus:

Does + subject + have + object?

Perhatikan bahwa setelah does, kita menggunakan have, bukan has.

Contoh:

  • Does she have a laptop? Apakah dia punya laptop?

    Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. Ya. / Tidak.

  • Does he have a driver's license? Apakah dia punya SIM?

    Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. Ya. / Tidak.

  • Does Rina have a bicycle? Apakah Rina punya sepeda?

    Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. Ya. / Tidak.

  • Does the cat have food? Apakah kucing itu punya makanan?

    Yes, it does. / No, it doesn't. Ya. / Tidak.

Pertanyaan dengan what

Gunakan:

What does + subject + have?

Contoh:

  • What does she have in her bag? Apa yang dia punya di dalam tasnya?

    She has a wallet and some keys. Dia punya dompet dan beberapa kunci.

  • What does your brother have? Kakak/adik laki-lakimu punya apa?

    He has a new phone. Dia punya ponsel baru.

  • What does the cat have? Kucing itu punya apa?

    It has some food. Kucing itu punya makanan.

Ringkasan Have vs Has

Subject Positif Negatif Pertanyaan
I I have I don't have Do I have...?
You You have You don't have Do you have...?
We We have We don't have Do we have...?
They They have They don't have Do they have...?
He He has He doesn't have Does he have...?
She She has She doesn't have Does she have...?
It It has It doesn't have Does it have...?

Cara mudah mengingat

Positif:

I / You / We / They → have He / She / It → has

Negatif:

don't + have doesn't + have

Pertanyaan:

Do + ... + have? Does + ... + have?

Pola utama

She has a car. Dia punya mobil.

She doesn't have a car. Dia tidak punya mobil.

Does she have a car? Apakah dia punya mobil?

Jadi, setelah do, don't, does, atau doesn't, selalu gunakan have.